Vitalik proposed to optimize Ethereum's finality mechanism: replacing Casper FFG with Minimmut

Vitalik Buterin posted on the X platform, stating that in the discussion of Ethereum's consensus mechanism, there is a proposal to replace the current finality component Casper FFG with a new one called Minimmit. He believes that Casper FFG employs a two-round finality mechanism (validators need to sign twice to complete "proof" and "final confirmation"), while Minimmit requires only a single round of signatures to achieve finality.

As a trade-off, the fault tolerance threshold of Minimmit will be reduced from 33% in Casper FFG to about 17%. Although the fault tolerance ratio decreases, Minimmit can more likely allow the network to enter a state of "multi-chain competition rather than erroneous final confirmation" in various attack or client vulnerability scenarios, which is easier to recover through community coordination. He believes that compared to erroneous blocks being finalized, the absence of finality for a short period is safer and more recoverable, thus suggesting that Minimmit may be superior in overall security trade-offs.